//! Voice allocation and the polyphonic mixer. Owned by the audio thread.

use crate::dsp::{eval_voice, Program, Voice};

#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
pub enum Event {
    NoteOn { note: u8, vel: u8 },
    NoteOff { note: u8 },
    Cc { idx: u8, val: u8 },
}

pub struct Engine {
    voices: Vec<Voice>,
    regs: Vec<f32>,
    sr: f32,
    clock: u64,
}

impl Engine {
    pub fn new(poly: usize, sr: f32) -> Self {
        Engine {
            voices: (0..poly).map(|_| Voice::new()).collect(),
            regs: vec![0.0; 128],
            sr,
            clock: 0,
        }
    }

    pub fn active_voices(&self) -> usize {
        self.voices.iter().filter(|v| v.active).count()
    }

    pub fn apply(&mut self, ev: Event) {
        match ev {
            Event::NoteOn { note, vel } => {
                self.clock += 1;
                // Prefer a free voice, else steal the oldest.
                let idx = self
                    .voices
                    .iter()
                    .position(|v| !v.active)
                    .unwrap_or_else(|| {
                        let mut best = 0;
                        for i in 1..self.voices.len() {
                            if self.voices[i].age < self.voices[best].age {
                                best = i;
                            }
                        }
                        best
                    });
                let v = &mut self.voices[idx];
                v.active = true;
                v.note = note;
                v.freq = 440.0 * 2f32.powf((note as f32 - 69.0) / 12.0);
                v.gate = 1.0;
                v.vel = vel as f32 / 127.0;
                v.age = self.clock;
                // fresh phases/env so a stolen voice doesn't click from old state
                for x in v.state.iter_mut() {
                    *x = 0.0;
                }
                v.env_level = 0.0;
            }
            Event::NoteOff { note } => {
                for v in self.voices.iter_mut() {
                    if v.active && v.note == note {
                        v.gate = 0.0;
                    }
                }
            }
            Event::Cc { idx, val } => {
                self.regs[idx as usize] = val as f32 / 127.0;
            }
        }
    }

    #[inline]
    pub fn render(&mut self, prog: &Program) -> f32 {
        let mut mix = 0.0f32;
        for v in self.voices.iter_mut() {
            if !v.active {
                continue;
            }
            mix += eval_voice(v, prog, &self.regs, self.sr);
            // Reap voices whose gate is closed and envelope has decayed.
            if v.gate < 0.5 && v.env_level < 1e-4 {
                v.active = false;
            }
        }
        // Gentle headroom limiter.
        (mix * 0.3).tanh()
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use crate::dsp::compile;
    use crate::grid::Grid;

    #[cfg(test)]
    impl Engine {
        fn first_freq(&self) -> Option<f32> {
            self.voices.iter().find(|v| v.active).map(|v| v.freq)
        }
        fn reg(&self, i: usize) -> f32 {
            self.regs[i]
        }
    }

    fn grid_from(src: &str) -> Grid {
        let mut g = Grid::new();
        for (r, line) in src.lines().enumerate() {
            for (c, ch) in line.chars().enumerate() {
                g.set(c, r, ch);
            }
        }
        g
    }

    #[test]
    fn noteon_maps_a4_to_440() {
        let mut e = Engine::new(4, 48000.0);
        e.apply(Event::NoteOn { note: 69, vel: 100 });
        assert!((e.first_freq().unwrap() - 440.0).abs() < 0.01);
        assert_eq!(e.active_voices(), 1);
    }

    #[test]
    fn noteoff_reaps_gated_voice() {
        let p = compile(&grid_from("A\n!")); // no envelope -> gate reaps immediately
        let mut e = Engine::new(4, 48000.0);
        e.apply(Event::NoteOn { note: 60, vel: 100 });
        e.render(&p);
        assert_eq!(e.active_voices(), 1);
        e.apply(Event::NoteOff { note: 60 });
        e.render(&p);
        assert_eq!(e.active_voices(), 0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn monophonic_steals_the_oldest_voice() {
        let mut e = Engine::new(1, 48000.0);
        e.apply(Event::NoteOn { note: 60, vel: 100 });
        e.apply(Event::NoteOn { note: 72, vel: 100 });
        assert_eq!(e.active_voices(), 1);
        assert!((e.first_freq().unwrap() - 440.0 * 2f32.powf((72.0 - 69.0) / 12.0)).abs() < 0.01);
    }

    #[test]
    fn cc_writes_register() {
        let mut e = Engine::new(2, 48000.0);
        e.apply(Event::Cc { idx: 0, val: 127 });
        assert!((e.reg(0) - 1.0).abs() < 1e-6);
    }

    #[test]
    fn master_output_is_limited() {
        // many stacked saws would exceed 1.0 without the limiter
        let p = compile(&grid_from("A.A.A.A\n!.!.!.!"));
        let mut e = Engine::new(4, 48000.0);
        e.apply(Event::NoteOn { note: 60, vel: 127 });
        assert!(e.render(&p).abs() <= 1.0);
    }
}